May15
Using By & Until
It’s easy to confuse by and until.
I have to finish this report until Wednesday.
By is used when an action or event is going to happen before or at a certain time.
I have to finish this report by Wednesday.
Please make sure the children are in bed by 10.
Until is used for a situation that will continue up to a certain time.
I am going to stay in Tokyo until next week.
The exhibition is going to be open until the end of March.
The same situation can often be expressed in a different way, depending on which verb (for example stay or leave) you use.
We can stay at the restaurant until 9.
We have to leave the restaurant by 9.
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